Mafenide acetate is primarily used in the treatment of severe burn wounds to prevent and control infections. It is applied topically as a cream or solution, effectively targeting bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is common in burn injuries. The chemical works by inhibiting bacterial growth, promoting wound healing, and reducing the risk of sepsis. It is particularly valued for its ability to penetrate eschar, the dead tissue that forms over burns. Additionally, it is used in some surgical procedures to prevent infection in skin grafts. However, it may cause side effects like pain or burning sensation upon application, and its use requires careful monitoring for potential allergic reactions or metabolic imbalances.