Parthenolide is primarily known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. It is commonly used in research to study its effects on various types of cancer cells, including leukemia, breast cancer, and prostate cancer, due to its ability to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation. In traditional medicine, it has been utilized for treating migraines and headaches, particularly in the form of feverfew extracts. Additionally, parthenolide is being explored for its potential in managing chronic inflammatory conditions such as arthritis and neurodegenerative diseases. Its role in modulating signaling pathways like NF-κB makes it a promising candidate for therapeutic development in both oncology and inflammatory disorders.