Dexpramipexole dihydrochloride is a synthetic pharmaceutical compound and the dihydrochloride salt form of dexpramipexole, a selective agonist of the I₂-imidazoline receptor. It is primarily utilized in scientific research for its neuroprotective properties, particularly in preclinical and clinical studies investigating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disease. The compound is believed to protect neurons from oxidative stress, improve mitochondrial function, and reduce inflammation, potentially slowing disease progression. Ongoing research explores its applications in other conditions such as Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis. As a high-purity reagent (≥99%), it is suitable for laboratory use in neuropharmacology and drug development. Chemical formula: C₁₀H₁₂N₂S · 2HCl. It is typically administered orally in experimental settings, with effects monitored closely.