Afegostat D-Tartrate is primarily used in the treatment of Gaucher disease, a genetic disorder caused by the deficiency of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase. It functions as a pharmacological chaperone, helping to stabilize the misfolded enzyme, thereby enhancing its activity and facilitating its transport to the lysosomes. This action aids in reducing the accumulation of glucocerebroside, a fatty substance, in cells, which is the hallmark of the disease. By improving enzyme function, it helps alleviate symptoms such as anemia, bone abnormalities, and organ enlargement. Additionally, it is being explored for potential applications in other lysosomal storage disorders where enzyme misfolding is a contributing factor.