Dexrazoxane is primarily used in medical settings to protect the heart from the damaging effects of certain chemotherapy drugs, particularly anthracyclines like doxorubicin. It acts as a cardioprotective agent by chelating iron and preventing the formation of free radicals that can cause cardiac tissue damage. This makes it a valuable adjunct in cancer treatment, especially for patients requiring long-term or high-dose anthracycline therapy. Additionally, it is used to treat extravasation injuries caused by anthracycline chemotherapy, helping to prevent tissue necrosis and severe local damage at the site of accidental drug leakage into surrounding tissues during intravenous administration. Its application is carefully monitored to ensure it does not interfere with the efficacy of the chemotherapy regimen.