Enoxacin sesquihydrate is primarily used as an antibiotic in the treatment of various bacterial infections. It is effective against a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, making it useful for treating urinary tract infections, respiratory tract infections, and skin infections. The compound works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase, which prevents bacterial DNA replication and ultimately leads to bacterial cell death. It is often prescribed when other antibiotics are ineffective or when the infection is resistant to more commonly used medications. Additionally, enoxacin sesquihydrate has been studied for its potential anticancer properties, as it may inhibit certain pathways involved in tumor growth. Its application in medical research continues to expand, particularly in exploring its role in combination therapies for resistant infections and cancer treatment.