Pasiniazid is primarily used in the treatment of tuberculosis. It functions as a prodrug, which upon metabolic activation, inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acids—essential components of the mycobacterial cell wall. This disruption leads to loss of structural integrity and eventual death of the bacteria. It is often administered in combination with other antitubercular agents to enhance efficacy and reduce the risk of drug resistance. Due to its ability to target both actively dividing and dormant bacilli, pasiniazid plays a role in shortening treatment duration and improving patient outcomes in certain multidrug-resistant cases. Its use is generally reserved for specific clinical scenarios under close medical supervision.