Trifluorothymidine is primarily used in the treatment of viral eye infections, particularly those caused by the herpes simplex virus. It is an effective antiviral medication that works by inhibiting the replication of the virus, thereby reducing the severity and duration of the infection. This compound is often formulated as an ophthalmic solution, making it suitable for direct application to the affected eye. Its targeted action helps to minimize systemic side effects, making it a preferred choice for managing conditions like herpes keratitis. Additionally, it has been explored for potential use in other viral infections, though its primary application remains in ophthalmology.