Used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus as an oral antihyperglycemic agent. It functions by inhibiting the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) enzyme, which increases the levels of active incretin hormones such as GLP-1 and GIP. This leads to enhanced insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and reduced glucagon levels, particularly in a glucose-dependent manner, helping to lower blood glucose levels without causing significant hypoglycemia. Often prescribed as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic agents like metformin. Its favorable safety profile and once-daily dosing improve patient compliance.