Carboplatin is primarily used in chemotherapy to treat various types of cancer. It is especially effective in treating ovarian cancer and is often used as a first-line treatment when surgery is not an option or after surgical removal of tumors. It is also used in the treatment of lung cancer, head and neck cancers, and certain types of brain tumors, including gliomas in children. The drug works by interfering with DNA replication in cancer cells, leading to cell death. Compared to similar platinum-based drugs like cisplatin, carboplatin has a more favorable safety profile with reduced kidney and nerve toxicity, making it suitable for patients who cannot tolerate more aggressive treatments. Carboplatin is typically administered intravenously in combination with other chemotherapy agents, such as paclitaxel, to enhance its effectiveness. Its use is carefully dosed based on kidney function, as the drug is primarily cleared through the kidneys. Due to its immunosuppressive effects, it requires careful monitoring for low blood cell counts, which can increase the risk of infection, anemia, and bleeding.