2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate is widely used in molecular biology and biochemistry research as a fundamental component for studying DNA synthesis and repair mechanisms. It serves as a building block for the enzymatic synthesis of oligonucleotides, which are essential for PCR, sequencing, and gene editing applications. In pharmaceutical research, it is utilized in the development of antiviral and anticancer drugs, particularly nucleoside analogs that target DNA replication in diseased cells. Additionally, it plays a role in metabolic studies to understand the biochemical pathways involving purine metabolism. Its high purity makes it suitable for use in diagnostic assays and as a reference standard in analytical chemistry.