Deferoxamine mesylate is primarily used as an iron-chelating agent to treat acute iron poisoning and chronic iron overload conditions, such as those resulting from repeated blood transfusions in patients with thalassemia or other anemia types. It works by binding to excess iron in the body, forming a complex that is then excreted through urine or feces, thereby reducing iron levels and preventing organ damage. Additionally, it is employed in managing aluminum overload in patients undergoing long-term dialysis. In some cases, it is also used off-label to treat conditions like hemochromatosis or to mitigate iron-induced oxidative stress in various clinical scenarios. Its application is typically administered via injection, either intramuscularly, subcutaneously, or intravenously, depending on the severity of the condition.