Phosalone is primarily used as an organophosphate insecticide and acaricide in agriculture. It is effective against a broad spectrum of pests, including aphids, mites, thrips, and leaf miners, making it suitable for use on crops such as fruits, vegetables, cotton, and ornamental plants. The compound works by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme essential for proper nervous system function in insects, leading to paralysis and death.

It is commonly applied as a foliar spray and is valued for its systemic action, meaning it can be absorbed by plant tissues and provide residual protection. Due to its mode of action and persistence, phosalone is often used in integrated pest management programs, though care is required to avoid resistance development and minimize impact on non-target organisms, including beneficial insects and pollinators.

Because of environmental and toxicity concerns, its use is regulated in many countries, with restrictions on application rates, pre-harvest intervals, and protective equipment requirements for handlers.