This compound is primarily used in peptide synthesis as a protecting group for amino acids. The fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) group attached to the pyrrolidine ring acts as a temporary protective layer during the synthesis process, preventing unwanted reactions at specific sites. It is particularly useful in solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS), where it allows for the sequential addition of amino acids to build peptides or proteins. The Fmoc group can be easily removed under mild basic conditions, making it a preferred choice for synthesizing complex peptides with high precision and minimal side reactions.