Widely used as a highly active catalyst in cross-coupling reactions, particularly in Suzuki-Miyaura and Heck reactions, enabling efficient carbon-carbon bond formation. Its robust structure enhances catalytic efficiency and stability under various reaction conditions, making it suitable for synthesizing complex organic molecules, including pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. The presence of bulky N-heterocyclic carbene ligand improves catalyst longevity and turnover, even at low loading levels. Commonly applied in industrial and academic research settings for streamlining synthetic routes and improving yields in heterocycle and biaryl synthesis.