P2X2/3 receptor antagonists are primarily used in the field of pain management and inflammation. These compounds target P2X2/3 receptors, which are involved in the transmission of pain signals in the nervous system. By blocking these receptors, the antagonists help reduce chronic pain, particularly in conditions like neuropathic pain and inflammatory pain. They are also being studied for their potential in treating conditions such as overactive bladder, where they may help alleviate symptoms by modulating nerve signaling. Additionally, research is ongoing to explore their role in managing other disorders involving abnormal pain perception or inflammation.