Black phosphorus is used in various advanced technological applications due to its unique properties. It is widely employed in the field of electronics, particularly in the development of high-performance transistors and semiconductors, thanks to its excellent electrical conductivity and tunable bandgap. Additionally, it serves as a key material in optoelectronics, including photodetectors and light-emitting devices, due to its strong light absorption and emission characteristics. In energy storage, black phosphorus is utilized in lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries to enhance capacity and efficiency. Its large surface area and layered structure also make it suitable for use in sensors, particularly for detecting gases and biomolecules. Furthermore, it is explored in biomedical applications, such as drug delivery and photothermal therapy, owing to its biocompatibility and near-infrared light responsiveness. Research also extends to photonics and solar cells to improve energy conversion efficiency.