Gallium nitride is widely used in optoelectronic devices such as blue and green light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and laser diodes, enabling high-efficiency lighting and full-color displays. It plays a key role in Blu-ray technology and solid-state lighting due to its ability to emit short-wavelength light. In electronics, gallium nitride is used in high-power, high-frequency devices including power amplifiers, radio frequency (RF) components, and power converters. Its superior electron mobility and breakdown voltage make it ideal for fast-switching applications in chargers, electric vehicles, and 5G infrastructure. It is also employed in high-temperature and high-radiation environments due to its thermal and chemical stability, making it suitable for aerospace and defense applications. Additionally, gallium nitride is used in advanced sensors and ultraviolet photodetectors for environmental and industrial monitoring.