SAR1118 is primarily investigated for its potential in ophthalmic applications, specifically in the treatment of dry eye disease. It functions as a lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) antagonist, inhibiting the interaction between LFA-1 and its ligand ICAM-1, which plays a key role in T-cell mediated inflammation. By blocking this pathway, SAR1118 reduces ocular surface inflammation, a major contributor to dry eye symptoms. It has been formulated as an eye drop and has shown promise in clinical trials by improving signs of corneal damage and reducing patient-reported discomfort. Its targeted anti-inflammatory action makes it a candidate for treating autoimmune and inflammatory conditions of the eye without the side effects associated with broad immunosuppressants.