Aceclidine hydrochloride is primarily used in ophthalmology for the treatment of glaucoma. It works by reducing intraocular pressure, which helps to prevent damage to the optic nerve and preserve vision. The compound acts as a cholinergic agent, stimulating the muscarinic receptors in the eye to increase the outflow of aqueous humor. This mechanism makes it effective in managing conditions where elevated eye pressure is a concern. Additionally, it is sometimes used in post-surgical settings to manage eye pressure and aid in recovery. Its ability to constrict the pupil also makes it useful in certain diagnostic procedures. Overall, it plays a significant role in maintaining eye health and preventing complications related to high intraocular pressure.