Used in research as a fluorescent probe for DNA detection due to its strong binding affinity to nucleic acids, particularly in identifying G-quadruplex structures. Exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity in cellular imaging, making it valuable in studying cancer cell proliferation and gene regulation. As a camptothecin derivative, it is investigated for its potential as a chemotherapeutic agent owing to its ability to intercalate into DNA and inhibit topoisomerase I activity. Shows promise in photodynamic therapy applications due to its light-induced cytotoxic effects.