MKT-077 is primarily investigated for its potential as an anticancer agent, specifically as a mitochondrial-targeting compound. It belongs to a class of cationic dyes that selectively accumulate in the mitochondria of cancer cells due to their elevated membrane potential. This selective accumulation allows MKT-077 to disrupt mitochondrial function, leading to reduced energy production and induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. It has shown activity against a range of cancer cell lines in preclinical studies, particularly in models of breast cancer, prostate cancer, and melanoma. MKT-077 also exhibits the ability to enhance the effects of other anticancer therapies, such as radiation and chemotherapy, by sensitizing resistant cancer cells. Another notable application is its use as a fluorescent probe in research settings. Due to its light-emitting properties upon mitochondrial binding, it enables real-time visualization of mitochondrial membrane potential and cellular uptake dynamics, making it a useful tool in cell biology and drug development studies. Although clinical development has been limited due to issues like solubility and toxicity, MKT-077 remains a prototype for designing improved derivatives with better pharmacological profiles.