Dexrazoxane HCl is primarily used as a cardioprotective agent in patients receiving anthracycline chemotherapy, such as doxorubicin or epirubicin. It helps reduce the risk of cardiotoxicity associated with these drugs, especially in patients requiring high cumulative doses. By protecting cardiac tissue, it allows for continued effective cancer treatment without compromising heart function. It is commonly administered intravenously before anthracycline infusion and is particularly beneficial in pediatric oncology and long-term cancer treatment regimens. Dexrazoxane HCl has also been explored in the management of extravasation injuries caused by anthracyclines, helping to minimize tissue damage when these drugs leak into surrounding tissues during infusion.