CH5132799 is an investigational anti-cancer agent primarily studied for its potential in treating hematologic malignancies, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It functions as a menin-MLL (mixed lineage leukemia) interaction inhibitor, disrupting the binding between the menin protein and MLL fusion proteins or mutant forms that drive leukemogenesis. By inhibiting this protein-protein interaction, CH5132799 suppresses the expression of key oncogenes such as HOXA9 and MEIS1, which are critical for the proliferation and survival of leukemia cells. The compound has shown potent anti-leukemic activity in preclinical models, including cell line studies and animal models bearing MLL-rearranged or NPM1-mutated AML. It induces differentiation of leukemic blasts and promotes apoptosis, leading to reduced tumor burden. Due to its targeted mechanism, CH5132799 holds promise for patients with genetically defined subtypes of AML who have limited treatment options. Clinical development has focused on evaluating its safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy in early-phase trials. Its application is centered on targeted therapy approaches in oncology, aiming to provide a precision medicine option for AML patients with specific molecular abnormalities.