Tirbanibulin dihydrochloride is primarily used in the treatment of actinic keratosis, a skin condition that can potentially develop into skin cancer if left untreated. It is applied topically as an ointment, targeting the affected areas to inhibit the growth of abnormal skin cells. The compound works by disrupting the microtubule network within cells, which is essential for cell division, thereby preventing the proliferation of damaged skin cells. Its localized application minimizes systemic exposure, reducing the risk of widespread side effects. This makes it a convenient and effective option for patients seeking a non-invasive treatment for precancerous skin lesions.