Widely used as a highly efficient catalyst in olefin metathesis reactions, particularly in ring-closing metathesis (RCM), cross-metathesis (CM), and ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). Its stability and activity make it ideal for forming carbon-carbon double bonds in complex organic molecules, including natural products, pharmaceuticals, and advanced materials. The presence of the N-heterocyclic carbene ligand enhances catalytic performance, allowing reactions to proceed under mild conditions with high functional group tolerance. Commonly employed in the synthesis of macrocyclic compounds and in industrial-scale processes where robust and selective catalysts are required.