This chemical is primarily used in molecular biology and genetic research. It serves as a building block in the synthesis of DNA, particularly in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing techniques. Its role is crucial in studying genetic mutations and gene expression. Additionally, it is utilized in the development of antiviral and anticancer drugs, as it can be incorporated into nucleic acids to inhibit the replication of viruses or cancer cells. Researchers also use it to explore epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, which play a significant role in gene regulation and cellular function.