Used extensively in molecular biology research as a substrate for DNA polymerases in enzymatic reactions, particularly in PCR and DNA sequencing. It is also employed in the study of nucleotide metabolism and enzyme kinetics. In cell culture, it serves as a precursor for DNA synthesis, supporting cell growth and proliferation. Additionally, it is utilized in the development of antiviral and anticancer drugs, where it acts as a building block for nucleotide analogs. Its role in biochemical assays helps in understanding DNA repair mechanisms and cellular processes.