Used in molecular biology and biochemistry research as a nucleotide building block for DNA synthesis studies. Serves as a substrate in enzymatic reactions involving kinases and phosphorylases. Commonly applied in cell culture media formulations to support cell growth, especially in thymidine-dependent cell lines. Utilized in assays to study DNA replication, repair mechanisms, and nucleotide metabolism. Also employed in the development and validation of diagnostic kits targeting nucleic acid pathways. Its disodium salt form enhances solubility and stability in aqueous solutions, making it suitable for in vitro applications.