Used primarily in medical research and diagnostics, 5'-deoxy-5'-iodouridine serves as a nucleoside analog for studying cellular processes. It is particularly valuable in radiolabeling experiments, where its iodine component allows for tracking and imaging in biological systems. This compound aids in understanding DNA and RNA synthesis mechanisms, as well as in the development of antiviral and anticancer therapies. Additionally, it is utilized in positron emission tomography (PET) scans to monitor metabolic activities in tissues, contributing to advancements in medical imaging and disease diagnosis.