Used in molecular biology as a thymidine analog to study DNA synthesis and cell proliferation. Incorporated into DNA during replication, allowing visualization and tracking of newly synthesized DNA in cells. Commonly applied in research involving cancer biology, neurobiology, and immunology to understand cell division and growth mechanisms. Also utilized in techniques like pulse-chase experiments and fluorescence labeling to monitor cellular processes. Its sodium salt form enhances solubility, making it suitable for in vitro and in vivo studies.