3-Anilinopropionitrile is primarily used as an intermediate in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals and organic compounds. Its structure, featuring both an aromatic aniline group and a nitrile functional group, makes it a versatile building block in chemical reactions.

In the pharmaceutical industry, it is employed in the production of drugs targeting neurological disorders, as it can be modified to create compounds that interact with neurotransmitter systems. Additionally, it serves as a precursor in the synthesis of dyes and pigments, where its aromatic nature contributes to the development of colorants with specific properties.

In agrochemical research, 3-Anilinopropionitrile is utilized to develop pesticides and herbicides. Its chemical framework allows for the creation of molecules that can disrupt the biological processes of pests or weeds effectively.

Furthermore, it finds application in material science, particularly in the development of polymers and resins. Its reactive nitrile group can participate in polymerization reactions, leading to materials with enhanced durability and chemical resistance.

Overall, its versatility and reactivity make it a valuable compound in various industrial and research applications.