GW274150 is primarily investigated for its potential therapeutic applications, particularly in the field of neurology and inflammation. It is known as a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), an enzyme involved in the production of nitric oxide, which plays a role in various inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes. Research has explored its use in conditions such as stroke, where reducing nitric oxide levels may help mitigate brain damage. Additionally, it has been studied for its potential to alleviate symptoms in chronic inflammatory diseases, such as arthritis, by targeting the inflammatory pathways mediated by iNOS. Its application is still largely in the experimental and clinical trial stages, with ongoing studies to determine its efficacy and safety in humans.