Used as a selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), particularly inducible NOS (iNOS), in research settings to study the role of nitric oxide in inflammatory and immune responses. Helps investigate conditions involving excessive NO production, such as septic shock, chronic inflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases. Also utilized in cellular and animal models to modulate NO levels and assess impact on vascular tone, neurotransmission, and immune function. Its acetylated form improves solubility and bioavailability in experimental systems.