Lobeline hydrochloride is primarily used in the treatment of respiratory conditions due to its ability to stimulate respiration. It acts on the central nervous system to enhance breathing, making it useful in managing asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory disorders. Additionally, it has been explored as a smoking cessation aid, as it mimics the effects of nicotine on the brain, helping to reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings. In some cases, it is also used as an antidote for certain types of poisoning, particularly those affecting the respiratory system. Its applications extend to research settings, where it is studied for its potential effects on neurotransmitter systems and addiction mechanisms.