Simufilam dihydrochloride is being investigated primarily for its potential use in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. It functions by targeting and stabilizing a specific protein interaction involving the alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and the filamin A protein, which is thought to be disrupted in Alzheimer’s patients. By restoring this interaction, the compound may help reduce neurodegeneration, improve synaptic function, and alleviate cognitive decline. It has shown potential in preclinical and early clinical studies to reverse biomarkers associated with Alzheimer’s disease, including inflammation and neuronal dysfunction. Research is ongoing to evaluate its efficacy in improving cognitive performance and modifying disease progression in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease.