PNU-282987 S enantiomer free base is primarily utilized in neuroscience research due to its selective agonistic activity on the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR). This receptor plays a crucial role in cognitive functions, memory, and neuroprotection. Researchers employ this compound to study the potential therapeutic effects in conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and other cognitive disorders. Its ability to modulate α7 nAChR activity makes it a valuable tool for understanding the receptor's role in synaptic plasticity and neurotransmitter release. Additionally, it is used in preclinical studies to explore its efficacy in reducing neuroinflammation and improving cognitive deficits. The compound's high selectivity allows for precise investigation of α7 nAChR pathways without significant interference from other receptor subtypes.