NS 1738 is primarily researched for its potential therapeutic applications in neurological and psychiatric disorders. It acts as a positive allosteric modulator of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which play a crucial role in cognitive functions. This makes it a candidate for treating conditions like Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and other cognitive impairments. By enhancing receptor activity, NS 1738 may improve memory, attention, and learning processes. Additionally, its neuroprotective properties are being explored for mitigating neurodegenerative damage. Research is ongoing to evaluate its efficacy and safety in clinical settings.