BMS-345541 hydrochloride is primarily used in research settings as a selective inhibitor of IκB kinase (IKK), particularly targeting IKKβ. This compound is valuable in studying the NF-κB signaling pathway, which plays a critical role in inflammation, immune response, and cell survival. Researchers utilize it to investigate the effects of inhibiting this pathway in various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and chronic inflammatory conditions. Its application helps in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these diseases and in developing potential therapeutic strategies. Additionally, it is employed in preclinical studies to evaluate the efficacy of targeting IKKβ in reducing inflammation and tumor growth.