INO-1001 is a potent inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), primarily investigated for its therapeutic applications in medicine, particularly in conditions involving DNA damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation. It protects cells from damage caused by free radicals and excessive PARP activation, which are implicated in various diseases, including cardiovascular disorders, neurodegenerative conditions, and ischemia-reperfusion injuries. In oncology, INO-1001 enhances the efficacy of certain cancer treatments, such as in BRCA-mutated ovarian and breast cancers, through synthetic lethality mechanisms, while also mitigating adverse effects of chemotherapy on healthy tissues. Additionally, it is explored for reducing tissue injury during surgical procedures, like heart surgery, and in acute conditions such as heart failure and stroke. Overall, INO-1001 holds promise as a protective agent in medical interventions where oxidative damage, inflammation, and DNA repair are key concerns.