CMS-121 is a potent small molecule with neuroprotective properties, primarily investigated for its potential in treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. It modulates key cellular pathways involved in mitochondrial function and reduces oxidative stress, helping to preserve neuronal integrity. Studies show that CMS-121 improves cognitive performance in animal models by targeting lipid metabolism and reducing the accumulation of toxic lipid species in the brain. It also exhibits anti-inflammatory effects, which contribute to slowing disease progression. Due to its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier efficiently, CMS-121 is considered a promising candidate for early intervention in neurodegeneration, particularly in conditions associated with metabolic and aging-related brain dysfunction.