Used primarily in scientific research as a neurotoxin to model neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It induces motor neuron degeneration in experimental animals, helping researchers study disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic agents. Also investigated for its role in lathyrism, a neurological disorder linked to the consumption of certain legumes. Its ability to interfere with amino acid metabolism and neurotransmitter function makes it a tool for exploring excitotoxicity and neuronal damage pathways.