ML221 is primarily used in biomedical research as a selective inhibitor of TRPM2 (Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 2) channels. These ion channels are involved in cellular responses to oxidative stress and inflammation, making ML221 a valuable tool for studying conditions such as neurodegenerative diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and immune cell activation. By blocking TRPM2 activity, ML221 helps researchers investigate the role of this channel in calcium signaling and cell death pathways. It has shown potential in reducing neuronal damage in models of stroke and Parkinson’s disease, supporting its use as a pharmacological probe in neuroscience and inflammatory disease research. Its application remains limited to laboratory settings, with ongoing studies exploring its therapeutic potential and mechanism of action.