Used primarily in neuroscience research to selectively destroy noradrenergic neurons by targeting catecholaminergic systems. It is taken up by monoamine transporters, leading to intracellular accumulation and oxidative stress, which results in targeted neurotoxicity. Commonly used in animal models to study the role of norepinephrine in behavior, autonomic function, and neurological disorders. Also applied in studies related to Parkinson’s disease, attention deficit disorders, and the effects of sympathetic nervous system depletion. Requires careful administration, often intracerebroventricularly or into specific brain regions, due to poor blood-brain barrier penetration.