(S)-5-Phenylmorpholin-2-one is primarily utilized in the field of medicinal chemistry as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds. Its structure is particularly valuable in the development of drugs targeting neurological disorders, including antidepressants and anxiolytics. The compound's chiral center allows for the creation of enantiomerically pure substances, which can enhance the efficacy and reduce the side effects of therapeutic agents. Additionally, it is employed in the research and development of enzyme inhibitors, where its morpholine ring plays a crucial role in binding to specific biological targets. This chemical is also explored in the synthesis of bioactive molecules for potential use in treating inflammatory diseases and certain types of cancer.