(S)-2-Phenethylpiperazine dihydrochloride is primarily utilized in pharmaceutical research and development, particularly in the study of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. It serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various bioactive compounds, including potential therapeutic agents targeting neurological conditions such as depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia. Its application extends to the investigation of serotonin and dopamine receptor interactions, which are critical in understanding and treating mood and behavioral disorders. Additionally, it is employed in the development of novel psychoactive substances for experimental and medicinal purposes, contributing to advancements in neuropharmacology.