(R)-4,5-Diamino-5-oxopentanoic acid is primarily utilized in the field of pharmaceutical research and development. It serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various bioactive compounds, particularly those targeting neurological and metabolic disorders. Its structural properties make it valuable in designing drugs that modulate specific enzymes or receptors involved in these conditions. Additionally, it is employed in peptide synthesis, where its amino and carboxyl groups facilitate the formation of peptide bonds, enabling the creation of novel therapeutic peptides. In biochemical studies, it is used as a precursor for investigating metabolic pathways and enzyme mechanisms, contributing to a deeper understanding of cellular processes.