Laquinimod is primarily used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly relapsing-remitting forms of the disease. It modulates the immune system to reduce neuroinflammation, helping to slow the progression of disability and decrease the frequency of relapses. Its mechanism involves shifting the immune response from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory pathways, including suppression of Th1 and Th17 cells and promotion of regulatory T cells. Laquinimod has also shown potential in preclinical studies for neurodegenerative conditions such as Huntington’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease due to its neuroprotective properties, including reducing brain atrophy and preserving white matter integrity. Though not yet widely approved, it remains under investigation for its long-term benefits in central nervous system disorders.