Anavex 2-73 is primarily investigated for its potential in treating neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. It acts as a sigma-1 receptor agonist, which helps modulate cellular stress responses, reduce neuroinflammation, and support neuronal survival. This mechanism contributes to improved cognitive and motor functions in preclinical models. The compound has shown promise in clinical trials by targeting both cognitive decline and disease-related behavioral symptoms. Additionally, it is being explored for potential use in other conditions involving neuroprotection, such as Rett syndrome and epilepsy, due to its ability to restore synaptic function and mitigate oxidative stress in brain tissues.