Used primarily as a natural pesticide and piscicide, effectively controlling unwanted fish populations in aquaculture and managing pests in organic farming. Its mode of action involves inhibiting mitochondrial electron transport, leading to the death of target organisms. Commonly applied in freshwater systems to remove invasive fish species without leaving long-term environmental residues. Also utilized in research settings to study cellular respiration and oxidative stress due to its specific inhibition of complex I in the electron transport chain.